westrup



(No Model.) 2 sheetssheet 1.

0. P. WBSTRUP PAPER FILE.

1 V Patented Oct. 11, 1892.

No. 484,267. It}

N (No Mpdel.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

0.1. WESTR UP. PAPER FILE.

No. 484,267. Patented Oct. 11, 1892.

HIM-W WJW UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OLIVER F. VVESTRUP, OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

PAPER-FILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 484,267, dated October 1 1, 1892.

Application filed January 31, 1891. Serial No. 379,855. No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER FRANK WEST- RUP, marine insurance agent,a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Liverpool,-in the county of 'Lancastenin the Kingdom of England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Paper-Files, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in binding or filing appliances, having for their principal object the production of a simple appliance whereby the consecutive numbers of serial publications may as they issue be readily and securely bound together in a temporary manner.

The invention is also applicable to the temporary binding or filing of music, pamphlets, or other papers, or to the temporary holding together of loose sheets of paper, whereby they are all kept in order in such manner as to be always convenient for reference. The appliance is, moreover, applicable in part to the binding or filing of publications, manuscripts, or other papers in a permanent manner.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan of the binder as applied to a number of periodicals, one of the covers being thrown back and part of the fastening devices undone. Fig. 2 is an edge View of the parts shown in Fig. 1, the fastening devices being removed. Fig. 3 is an isometric View of the appliance, one of the covers being removed and the inner fiap thrown back to illustrate the method of using the appliance. Fig 4 is an enlarged view of part of Fig. 3. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are three enlarged views illustrating the method of connecting the periodicals to the binding-cords. Figs. 8, 9, and 10 are three edge views showing three different forms of the needle which is depicted in plan in Fig. 6. Fig-11 is an enlarged view illustrating the method of stringing the periodicals onto the binding-cords. Fig. 12 shows a duplicated form of binding-eye. Figs. 13, 14, and 15 are three other forms of binding-eyes, hereinafter described.

A A areaseries of periodicals folded ate in the usual manner.

B B are the binding-eyes, each formed by making an eye loop or hook 19 upon a wire plate or bar 1), Figs. 5, 6, and 7, and Figs. 12

to 15. The eyes B are adapted to be attached to the periodicals in such mannerthat their-loops project on the outside beyond the back folds or creases thereof. When the binding-eyes are constructed of wire in the manner shown in Figs. 5, 6, '7, and 12, the Wires 1) are adapted to lie in the folds a of the periodicals and the loops 1) to be inserted through the folds so as to project on the outside thereof. (See Figs. 5 and 7.) It is preferable to notch said binding-eyes or bend them slightly in proximity to the loops b, as seen at 29 for the purpose of preventing the eyes bearing upon the fold a in immediate proximity to the holes therethrough, and thus tending to tear the holes larger. The extreme ends of the eyes may also be turned in slightly, as at b to prevent them from injuring the folds of the paper. One or more of the eyes B have their loops I) inserted through the back of each periodical at convenient points, two being employed in the example shown. Where two or more are thus employed, their various loops may, if desired, be united by a single wire or equivalent connection, as seen in Fig. 12.

To insert binding-eyes of the above or similar construction into position, I employ, in conjunction with them, a broad needle 0, formed somewhat like a pointed knife-blade and provided with a split eye or hook c of any convenient form, into which the loop of a binding-eye may be inserted in such manner as to lie approximately in the same plane as the blade of the needle.

Figs. 8, 9, and 10 show three slightly-different forms of needle suitable for the above purpose. 7

The loop of a'binding-eye being inserted into the eye of the needle 0, the latter is thrust through the fold of the periodical from the inside to the outside, as shown in Fig. 6, and the loop drawn through the paper into the position shown in Fig. 5. The needle is then detached from the loop which is now ready for the reception of the binding-cord D, hereinafter described. It will be observed that the split in the needle-eye is so arranged that there is no liability of the said eye catching and tearing the paper as it is forced through the hole made by the blade.

E is the lower board or cover of the binder, to which the binding-cords, chains, or wires D are secured, as at e, Fig. 11. The cord D is preferably double and has a binding-needle F permanently strung upon it, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 11. The needles and cords are passed through their respective eyes, which latter have the same relative positions as the points of attachment of the cords to the cover E. Attached to the lower cover E is a flexible back piece or flap G of leather or other suitable material. This flap is adapted to be pierced by the needles F, as hereinafter described, and to this end it may conveniently be provided with rows of holes or eyelets f, arranged across the flap in line with the cord attachment-points e.

H is the upper board or cover, provided with holes h near one edge, having the same relative position as the cords D, which are adapted to be threaded through said holes, as seen in Fig. 1.

J are hooks adapted to hook into the eyes of the needles F, or into the bights of the cords D. The said hooks are connected, as at j, to the inner side of the cover H by means of adjustable connections K or extensible connections L. The former connections may each consist of the well-known adjusting device of a doubled cord and perforated button It, while the latter may each be a simple elastic band connecting the hook with its attachment-pointj. Both forms areshown by way of illustration.

\Vhen it is desired to bind in a fresh periodical, the connectionsJK (orJ L) are undone, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 1, the needles F and their cords are drawn through the holes 72. in the upper cover H, and the latter removed. The flap G is thrown back and the needles and cords drawn through it, as shown in the lower part of Fig. 3. Two or more binding-eyes B are then attached to the back of the periodical by means of the needle 0, as hereinbefore described, and the eyes are strung onto the binding-cords D, as shown in Fig. 3. The cords are then threaded through those holes in the flap G which are most suitable to the depth of the pile of periodicals, and the flap is turned over onto the pile, as shown in Fig. 1. The needles and cords are then passed through the upper cover H from the outside to the inside and made fast to the connections J K or J L, or the cords might, if long enough, be tied together on the inner side side of the cover 11. The latter is now folded over the periodicals and the binding operation is complete.

In Figs. 13, 14, and 15 three modified forms of binding eyes are shown. That shown in Fig. 13 is formed of a fiat bar, which may be conveniently stamped out of a piece of sheet metal. In other respects it is substantially the same as the binding-eye shown in Figs. 5 and 6, being provided with a loop 1), adapted to be drawn through the folds of the paper by a hooked needle 0, and with notches b for the purpose aforesaid. The corners b may also be rounded ofi to prevent injury to the folds of the papers, and one or more loops 1) may be formed on the same bar in a similar manner to that shown in Fig. 12. The binding-eye shown in Fig 14 is formed of a piece of wire doubled at the center to form the loop I). The ends of the wire are then together thrust through the folds of the paper from the outside and bent back against the fold of the paper, as shown. In Fig. 15 a binding-eye is shown very similar in construction to the preceding. The loop I) is formed by crossing the wire at its center. The ends of the wire are then bent at right angles at some distance from the loop and away from it. The bent ends are then thrust through the folds from the outside at two different points, and afterward bent back upon the inside of the folds, as shown.

It will be evident that the binding eyes and cords might be employed for connecting the various periodicals together quite apart from the covers E and H and flap G, the lower ends of the cord being in this case provided with a knot or other suitable stop and the upper ends being tied together or fastened in any way calculated to prevent them from being drawn through the eyes when the file is in ordinary use. Moreover, the needlesF could be loose on the cords or could be dispensed with altogether, and the broad needles 0 might also bedispensed with, the eyes B, Figs. 5, 6, 12, and 13, being in such a case introduced through the folds of the periodicals by means of a penknife or the like. It will also be obvious that the combination of covers, flap, binding-cords, and needles could be employed quite apart from the binding-eyes B, the needles and cords being simply passed through the papers to be filed at a short distance from their edges. This latter arrangement will be found especially applicable for loose papers and single sheets, while the use of the binding-eyes will be found more convenient for periodicals or the like each containing several or more folded sheets, and it willbe found that these latter may be turned over much more readily than if the cords were simply passed through the paper itself. Further, aseries of binding-eyes, such as herein described with reference to Figs. 5, 6, 12, and 13, may be employed in a general way for binding periodicals or the like, either temporarily or permanently, the eyes being capable of being rapidly placed in position with the aid of the broad hooked needle aforesaid.

I declare that what I claim is- 1. The combination of the binding-eyes 13,

boards E and H, binding-cords D, havingneedles F permanently attached thereto, and ad- ;ustable fastening devices temporarily securmg the needle ends of the cords to the board H, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the binding-eyes B, boards E and H, cords D, needles F, and extensblle connections J K, substantially as de- SCII e 3. In a binding or filing appliance, the combination of a series of binding-eyes B, a lower board E, a flexible back flap G, forming an extension of the lower board and adapted to be folded over onto the paper's, an upper board H, one or more binding-cords D, attached to the lower board and threaded through the eyes B, flap G, and upper board I-I successively, and adjustable devices connecting the cords temporarily to the upper board, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the eyes B, boards E and H, flap G, cords D, needles F,hooks J, and adjustable connections 70 70', all arranged substantially as and for the purposes described.

5. In a binding or filing appliance, the combination of the board E, having flexible flap G, the board H, the cords D, attached to the board E and adapted to be connected to the edges of the papers and to be threaded successively through the flap G and board H, the needles F, and adjustable devices for securing the needle ends of cords D to board H,

one edge thereof, of one or more binding-cords threaded through said eyes, a fixed fastening on one end of each cord, and an extensible fastening on the other end thereof, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the binding-eyes B, binding-cords D, needles F, fixed fastening on one end of each cord, and extensible fastening on the opposite end thereof, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with a rigid bindingeye B, having a loop b, adapted to project through the folds of the papers from the inside, of a fiat needle 0, having a hook c for engaging the loop 6, and a blade of approximately the same width as the loop, whereby the folds of the paper may be perforated and the loop drawn through into position at one operation, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' 1 O. F. WESTRUP.

Witnesses:

WM. P. THOMPSON, S. DAVIES. 

